1. Title

• Length: Maximum 15–20 words

• Style: Title Case, no abbreviations or acronyms, concise and descriptive
  

• Font: Times New Roman or Arial, bold, size 12–14

 2. Author(s) and Affiliation(s)

• Full names (First Name Last Name)
  

• Institutional affiliation with department, university, city, country
  

• Presenting author sometimes underlined or marked with an asterisk (*)
  

• Email address of corresponding author

 3. Main Abstract Body

• Length: 250–400 words (based on conference limits)
  

• Usually written in one structured paragraph, unless sectioned format (below) is requested
  

• Content:
  

  • Background (1–2 lines on context)
    

  • Objective (what was studied)
    

  • Methods (brief methods used)
    

  • Results (main findings)
    

  • Conclusion/Implications (why it matters)

• Font: Times New Roman or Arial, size 12
  

• Spacing: 1.15 or 1.5 line spacing
  

• Alignment: Justified or left-aligned, depending on template

 4. Keywords

• 3–6 keywords, comma-separated
  

• All lowercase unless proper nouns
  

• Should reflect core themes: species, methods, region, ecological concepts, etc.

 5. Formatting Notes

• No figures, tables, or references in most abstracts
  

• Avoid technical jargon or undefined acronyms
  

• If using Latin names (e.g., Moschus cupreus), italicize them

  Use past tense for methods and results, present tense for conclusions